How to format your references using the The Bovine Practitioner citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Bovine Practitioner. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Treviño M. Stimulus similarity determines the prevalence of behavioral laterality in a visual discrimination task for mice. Sci Rep 2014;4:7569.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Skotheim JM, Mahadevan L. Physical limits and design principles for plant and fungal movements. Science 2005;308:1308–1310.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Schmidt MW, Vautravers MJ, Spero HJ. Rapid subtropical North Atlantic salinity oscillations across Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles. Nature 2006;443:561–564.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. Potts M, Halperin DT, Kirby D, et al. Public health. Reassessing HIV prevention. Science 2008;320:749–750.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Bain BJ, Wild BJ, Stephens AD, et al. Variant Haemoglobins. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010.

An edited book

1. Ilic D ed. Stem Cell Banking. New York, NY: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Eidem BW. Functional Evaluation of the Heart by Transesophageal Echocardiography. In: Wong PC, Miller-Hance WC, eds. Transesophageal Echocardiography for Congenital Heart Disease. London: Springer, 2014;121–144.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Bovine Practitioner.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Stark IPCC Climate Report Shows The Time For Talking Is Over. IFLScience 2014. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/stark-ipcc-climate-report-shows-time-talking-over/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. NASA Aeronautics: Impact of Technology Transfer Activities Is Uncertain. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Arens JL. Power, Oppression, and Group Difference Interrogation: A Call to Social Justice Movement Organizations. 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Schmidt MS, Haberman M. Letter By Trump On Comey Ouster Informs Inquiry. New York Times. September 1, 2017:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ².
This sentence cites two references ^3,4.
This sentence cites four references ^5–8.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Bovine Practitioner
ISSN (print)	0524-1685
Scope