How to format your references using the The Journal of Antibiotics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Antibiotics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wakeley, J. Complex speciation of humans and chimpanzees. Nature 452, E3-4; discussion E4 (2008).

A journal article with 2 authors

Hinde, K. & Lewis, Z. T. MICROBIOTA. Mother’s littlest helpers. Science 348, 1427–1428 (2015).

A journal article with 3 authors

Wootton, S. K., Halbert, C. L. & Miller, A. D. Sheep retrovirus structural protein induces lung tumours. Nature 434, 904–907 (2005).

A journal article with 6 or more authors

Coltman, D. W. et al. Undesirable evolutionary consequences of trophy hunting. Nature 426, 655–658 (2003).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ventre, D. Information Warfare. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2013).

An edited book

An Omics Perspective on Cancer Research. (Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2010).

A chapter in an edited book

Andrade, W. L. & Machado, P. D. L. Interruption Testing of Reactive Systems. in Formal Methods: Foundations and Applications: 12th Brazilian Symposium on Formal Methods, SBMF 2009 Gramado, Brazil, August 19-21, 2009 Revised Selected Papers (eds. Oliveira, M. V. M. & Woodcock, J.) 37–53 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Antibiotics.

Blog post

Andrew, E. Sorry, Climate Change Deniers: Warming Not “Paused” and Modeling Not Flawed. IFLScience https://www.iflscience.com/environment/sorry-climate-change-deniers-warming-not-paused-and-modeling-not-flawed/ (2015).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Close Air Support: Principal Issues and Aircraft Choices. (1971).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Calhoun, G. F. Limit theory for overfit models. (University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 2009).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Neuman, W. Killing of 10 Soldiers Deals a Setback to Colombian Peace Talks. New York Times A6 (2015).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Antibiotics
Abbreviation	J. Antibiot. (Tokyo)
ISSN (print)	0021-8820
ISSN (online)	1881-1469
Scope	Drug Discovery Pharmacology