How to format your references using the The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chin JW (2012) Molecular biology. Reprogramming the genetic code. Science 336: 428–429.

A journal article with 2 authors

van Oers NSC, Chen ZJ (2005) Cell biology. Kinasing and clipping down the NF-kappa B trail. Science 308: 65–66.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hayes D, Griffin GB, Engel GS (2013) Engineering coherence among excited states in synthetic heterodimer systems. Science 340: 1431–1434.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kanzok SM, Fechner A, Bauer H, Ulschmid JK, Müller HM, Botella-Munoz J, Schneuwly S, Schirmer R, Becker K (2001) Substitution of the thioredoxin system for glutathione reductase in Drosophila melanogaster. Science 291: 643–646.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bouvier J-M, Campanella OH (2014) Extrusion Processing Technology. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Bojňanský V (2007) ATLAS OF SEEDS AND FRUITS OF CENTRAL AND EAST-EUROPEAN FLORA: The Carpathian Mountains Region. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Saakov VS, Krivchenko AI, Rozengart EV, Danilova IG (2015) Application of Derivative Spectrophotometry in Comparative Biochemical Studies. In AI Krivchenko, EV Rozengart, IG Danilova (Eds), Derivative Spectrophotometry and PAM-Fluorescence in Comparative Biochemistry (pp 349–478). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease.

Blog post

Luntz S (2014) Spitfire Insects Need Leaders and Followers. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/insects-need-leaders-and-followers/ (last accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1977) Responsibilities, Actions, and Coordination of Federal Agencies in International Telecommunications Services ( No. CED-77-132). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Di Giacomo FA (2010) Education amidst Transition: The Case of Romania (Doctoral dissertation). College Park, MD: University of Maryland, College Park.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Novick SM (2015) Elevating the Humble Wing at Sports Bars. New York Times LI11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Chin, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Chin, 2012; van Oers and Chen, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (van Oers and Chen, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Kanzok et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
ISSN (print)	0022-3018
ISSN (online)	1539-736X
Scope