How to format your references using the The Journal of Technology Transfer citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Technology Transfer. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Owens, B. (2015). Drug development: The treasure chest. Nature, 525(7570), S6-8.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hunter, C. A., & Mayers, P. C. (2001). Knot tied around an octahedral metal centre. Nature, 411(6839), 763.

A journal article with 3 authors

Cochran, E. S., Vidale, J. E., & Tanaka, S. (2004). Earth tides can trigger shallow thrust fault earthquakes. Science (New York, N.Y.), 306(5699), 1164–1166.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Gemelke, N., Zhang, X., Hung, C.-L., & Chin, C. (2009). In situ observation of incompressible Mott-insulating domains in ultracold atomic gases. Nature, 460(7258), 995–998.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Shapiro, I. M. (2016). Energy Audits and Improvements for Commercial Buildings. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Bersini, H., & Carneiro, J. (Eds.). (2006). Artificial Immune Systems: 5th International Conference, ICARIS 2006, Oeiras, Portugal, September 4-6, 2006. Proceedings (Vol. 4163). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Finiukova, V. O., & Stolyar, A. M. (2011). Asymptotic Integration of One Narrow Plate Problem. In H. Altenbach & V. A. Eremeyev (Eds.), Shell-like Structures: Non-classical Theories and Applications (pp. 53–62). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Technology Transfer.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, September 10). How Should We Design Cities To Make The Most Of Urban Ecosystems? IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/how-should-we-design-cities-make-most-urban-ecosystems/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2005). Maritime Administration: Improved Program Management Needed to Address Timely Disposal of Obsolete Ships (No. GAO-05-264). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ichiyama, J. (2014). Early goal-directed therapy in adult septic patients (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Chira, S. (2016, December 30). What Women Lost. New York Times, p. SR1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Owens 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Hunter and Mayers 2001; Owens 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hunter and Mayers 2001)
Three or more authors: (Gemelke et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Technology Transfer
Abbreviation	J. Technol. Transf.
ISSN (print)	0892-9912
ISSN (online)	1573-7047
Scope	Accounting Business and International Management General Engineering