How to format your references using the The Journal of Transport History citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Transport History (JTH). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lynn Dicks, “Bees, lies and evidence-based policy”, Nature 494:7437 (2013), 283.

A journal article with 2 authors

Evan E. Eichler and David Sankoff, “Structural dynamics of eukaryotic chromosome evolution”, Science (New York, N.Y.) 301:5634 (2003), 793–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

P. A. Davison, C. N. Hunter and P. Horton, “Overexpression of beta-carotene hydroxylase enhances stress tolerance in Arabidopsis”, Nature 418:6894 (2002), 203–6.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Hiroaki Isobe, Takehiro Miyagoshi, Kazunari Shibata and Takaaki Yokoyama, “Filamentary structure on the Sun from the magnetic Rayleigh-Taylor instability”, Nature 434:7032 (2005), 478–81.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Frederick L. Feldkamp and R. Christopher Whalen, Financial Stability, (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014).

An edited book

Lazaros Iliadis, Ilias Maglogiannis and Harris Papadopoulos (eds.), Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations: 10th IFIP WG 12.5 International Conference, AIAI 2014, Rhodes, Greece, September 19-21, 2014. Proceedings, (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2014), cdxxxvi.

A chapter in an edited book

Andrea Brandolini, Piero Casadio, Piero Cipollone, Marco Magnani, Alfonso Rosolia and Roberto Torrini, “Employment Growth in Italy in the 1990s: Institutional Arrangements and Market Forces”, in Nicola Acocella and Riccardo Leoni (ed.), Social Pacts, Employment and Growth: A Reappraisal of Ezio Tarantelli’s Thought (Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2007), 31–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Transport History.

Blog post

Jonathan O`Callaghan, “Arctic Sea Ice Had A Massive 41% Increase In Summer 2013, But Overall It’s Still Shrinking”, IFLScience (IFLScience, 2015) <https://www.iflscience.com/environment/arctic-sea-ice-had-massive-41-increase-summer-2013-overall-trends-are-still-down/> [accessed 30 October 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, Security at Nation’s Highest Risk Airports, (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 17 December 1987).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Anh N. Hong, “A Diastereomeric Strategy in the Construction of Homochiral Metal-Organic Architectures”, (unpublished Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach, 2017).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Mary Billard, “Whimsical Boyfriends”, New York Times, 24 June 2010, E6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Transport History
ISSN (print)	0022-5266
ISSN (online)	1759-3999
Scope