How to format your references using the The Netherlands Journal of Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Netherlands Journal of Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P. Rewarding experience. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):879.

A journal article with 2 authors

Robertson MP, Scott WG. The structural basis of ribozyme-catalyzed RNA assembly. Science. 2007 Mar 16;315(5818):1549–53.

A journal article with 3 authors

Norouzzadeh P, Myles CW, Vashaee D. Prediction of giant thermoelectric power factor in type-VIII clathrate Si46. Sci Rep. 2014 Nov 13;4:7028.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Jepsen K, Solum D, Zhou T, McEvilly RJ, Kim HJ, Glass CK, et al. SMRT-mediated repression of an H3K27 demethylase in progression from neural stem cell to neuron. Nature. 2007 Nov 15;450(7168):415–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Qiu X, Ding C, Hu D. Bistatic SAR Data Processing Algorithms. Solaris South Tower, Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd.; 2013.

An edited book

Sidin S, Manrai AK, editors. Proceedings of the 1997 World Marketing Congress. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. XXX, 655 p. (Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science).

A chapter in an edited book

Ascher W, Mirovitskaya N. Grabbing Assets and Opportunities. In: Mirovitskaya N, editor. Development Strategies and Inter-Group Violence: Insights on Conflict-Sensitive Development. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan US; 2016. p. 81–94.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Netherlands Journal of Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E. India’s Space Agency Successfully Launches Its Heaviest Rocket. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Commercial Aviation: Factors Affecting Efforts to Improve Air Service at Small Community Airports. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2003 Jan. Report No.: GAO-03-330.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Adams S. A study of childhood eating habits in the United States and their association with race and gender [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. An Enigmatic Golden Trophy Evokes a Saloon’s Good Times. New York Times. 2001 Jan 21;147.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The Netherlands Journal of Medicine
Abbreviation	Neth. J. Med.
ISSN (print)	0300-2977
ISSN (online)	1872-9061
Scope	Internal Medicine