How to format your references using the Transactions of Mathematics and its Applications citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Transactions of Mathematics and its Applications. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bonvillian, W.B. (2013) Technology. Advanced manufacturing policies and paradigms for innovation. Science, 342, 1173–1175.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cory, D.G. & Havel, T.F. (2004) Physics. Ion entanglement in quantum information processing. Science, 304, 1456–1457.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kumarevel, T., Mizuno, H., & Kumar, P.K.R. (2005) Structural basis of HutP-mediated anti-termination and roles of the Mg2+ ion and L-histidine ligand. Nature, 434, 183–191.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Steele, I.A., Mundell, C.G., Smith, R.J., Kobayashi, S., & Guidorzi, C. (2009) Ten per cent polarized optical emission from GRB 090102. Nature, 462, 767–769.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zelterman, D. (2005) Discrete Distributions: Applications in the Health Sciences. , Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Qian, D. (2015) Hierarchical Sliding Mode Control for Under-actuated Cranes: Design, Analysis and Simulation. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Koriche, F. (2008) Learning to Assign Degrees of Belief in Relational Domains. Inductive Logic Programming: 17th International Conference, ILP 2007, Corvallis, OR, USA, June 19-21, 2007, Revised Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Blockeel, H., Ramon, J., Shavlik, J., & Tadepalli, P. eds). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 25–26.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Transactions of Mathematics and its Applications.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2016) More Sex Causes Male Burying Beetles To Evolve A Longer “Penis.” IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/more-sex-causes-male-beetles-evolve-longer-penis/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1992) NASA’s Development of EOSDIS ( No. IMTEC-92-42R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Usborne, E.L. (2012) Sediment and phosphorus dynamics behind weirs in agricultural drainage ditches (Doctoral dissertation).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, M.W. (2012) Fierce Debt Puts Pensions at Risk In Puerto Rico. New York Times, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bonvillian, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Cory & Havel, 2004; Bonvillian, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Cory & Havel, 2004)
Three or more authors: (Steele et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Transactions of Mathematics and its Applications
Abbreviation	Trans. Math. Its Appl.
ISSN (online)	2398-4945
Scope