How to format your references using the Ultrasonics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ultrasonics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

T.H. Torsvik, Geology. The Rodinia jigsaw puzzle, Science 300 (2003) 1379–1381.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

R. Medzhitov, C.A. Janeway Jr, Decoding the patterns of self and nonself by the innate immune system, Science 296 (2002) 298–300.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

R. Dutzler, E.B. Campbell, R. MacKinnon, Gating the selectivity filter in ClC chloride channels, Science 300 (2003) 108–112.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

H. Sun, H. Ma, G. Hong, H. Sun, J. Wang, Survival improvement in patients with pancreatic cancer by decade: a period analysis of the SEER database, 1981-2010, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 6747.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

A.R. Mishra, Cellular Technologies for Emerging Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2010.

An edited book

[1]

C. Lewis, K. Coghill, eds., Parliamentarians’ Professional Development: The Need for Reform, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

D.J. Stobbelaar, K. Hendriks, Seasonality of Agricultural Landscapes: Reading Time and Place by Colours and Shapes, in: H. Palang, H. Sooväli, A. Printsmann (Eds.), Seasonal Landscapes, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2007: pp. 103–126.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ultrasonics.

Blog post

[1]

J. O`Callaghan, Professor Brian Cox: “It’s Very Difficult To Argue With An Idiot,” IFLScience (2017). https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/its-very-difficult-to-argue-with-an-idiot-says-professor-brian-cox/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Aviation Security: FAA’s Actions to Study Responsibilities and Funding for Airport Security and to Certify Screening Companies, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

K.K. Kasun, Economic effectiveness of physician organizational models in a California integrated healthcare system, Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

G. Harris, J. Schwartz, J. Calmes, J. Martin, Donald Trump Holds ‘Thank You’ Rally in Cincinnati, and Announces His Pick for Defense Secretary, New York Times (2016) A18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Ultrasonics
Abbreviation	Ultrasonics
ISSN (print)	0041-624X
Scope	Acoustics and Ultrasonics