How to format your references using the User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction (UMUAI). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Michel-Kerjan, Erwann.: 2012. 'How resilient is your country?' Nature 491(7425), pp. 497.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhou, B. B., and S. J. Elledge.: 2000. 'The DNA damage response: putting checkpoints in perspective.' Nature 408(6811), pp. 433–439.

A journal article with 3 authors

Long, John A., Kate Trinajstic, and Zerina Johanson.: 2009. 'Devonian arthrodire embryos and the origin of internal fertilization in vertebrates.' Nature 457(7233), pp. 1124–1127.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Devries, Gretchen A., Markus Brunnbauer, Ying Hu, et al.: 2007. 'Divalent metal nanoparticles.' Science (New York, N.Y.) 315(5810), pp. 358–361.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lado, Ernesto Penas.: 2016. 'The Common Fisheries Policy.' Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Akhgar, Babak, P. Saskia Bayerl, and Fraser Sampson, eds.: 2016. 'Open Source Intelligence Investigation: From Strategy to Implementation.' Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Cesca, Simone, Francesco Grigoli, Ali Tolga Şen, et al.: 2014. 'The MINE Project: Monitoring Induced Seismicity in a German Coal Mine'. In Tomography of the Earth’s Crust: From Geophysical Sounding to Real-Time Monitoring: GEOTECHNOLOGIEN Science Report No. 21, Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences, eds. Michael Weber and Ute Münch. Cham: Springer International Publishing pp. 63–81.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction.

Blog post

Luntz, Stephen.: 2015. 'Spanish Boy Dies Of Diphtheria Thanks To Anti-Vaxxers.' IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office.: 2007. 'Aviation Security: DHS Has Made Progress in Securing the Commercial Aviation System, but Key Challenges Remain.' Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Miller, Bradley Alan.: 2012. '“Parable-art” beyond the Auden generation: An examination of the message-bearing aspects and architecture of two twenty-first-century works for chorus and chamber orchestra.'

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Isherwood, Charles.: 2016. 'Old Friends, Sifting Grief at a Reunion.' New York Times, pp. C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Michel-Kerjan 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Michel-Kerjan 2012; Zhou & Elledge 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zhou & Elledge 2000)
Three or more authors: (Devries et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction
Abbreviation	User Model. User-adapt Interact.
ISSN (print)	0924-1868
ISSN (online)	1573-1391
Scope	Computer Science Applications Human-Computer Interaction Education