How to format your references using the Value in Health Regional Issues citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Value in Health Regional Issues. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Paddock S. Tech.Sight. Optical sectioning--slices of life. Science. 2002;295(5558):1319-1321.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kioussis D, Georgopoulos K. Epigenetic flexibility underlying lineage choices in the adaptive immune system. Science. 2007;317(5838):620-622.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhou H, Pei Y, Fang D. Magnetic field tunable small-scale mechanical properties of nickel single crystals measured by nanoindentation technique. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4583.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Gerber T, Murawala P, Knapp D, et al. Single-cell analysis uncovers convergence of cell identities during axolotl limb regeneration. Science. 2018;362(6413).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Medhurst D. A Brief and Practical Guide to EU Law. Blackwell Science Ltd; 2008.

An edited book

Dulak J, Józkowicz A, Łoboda A, eds. Angiogenesis and Vascularisation: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms in Health and Diseases. Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Fontaine F, Debray B, Salvi O. Protection of Hazardous Installations and Critical Infrastructures - Complementarity of Safety and Security Approaches. In: Linkov I, Wenning RJ, Kiker GA, eds. Managing Critical Infrastructure Risks: Decision Tools and Applications for Port Security. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security. Springer Netherlands; 2007:65-78.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Value in Health Regional Issues.

Blog post

Andrew E. How Hostile Is Space? IFLScience. August 7, 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Digital Television Transition: Implementation of the Converter Box Subsidy Program Is Under Way, but Preparedness to Manage an Increase in Subsidy Demand Is Unclear. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2008.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Strand K. Applying Public Relations Theory to Assess Service-Learning Relationships. Doctoral dissertation. University of South Florida; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Jorden J. ‘Don Giovanni’ in Its Indelible Essence. New York Times. August 11, 2017:C5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Value in Health Regional Issues
Abbreviation	Value Health Reg. Issues
ISSN (print)	2212-1099
Scope	Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous) Health Policy Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)