How to format your references using the Vascular Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Vascular Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Koenig R. EUROPEAN SCIENCE: Urgent Call for Research Overhaul. Science 2000; 289: 523a–4a.

A journal article with 2 authors

Johnson CM, Beard BL. Geochemistry. Biogeochemical cycling of iron isotopes. Science 2005; 309: 1025–1027.

A journal article with 3 authors

Martinson BC, Anderson MS, de Vries R. Scientists behaving badly. Nature 2005; 435: 737–738.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Roy M, Zinck RD, Bouma MJ, et al. Epidemic cholera spreads like wildfire. Sci Rep 2014; 4: 3710.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Omura Y, Mallik A, Matsuo N. MOS Devices for Low-Voltage and Low-Energy Applications. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd, 2016.

An edited book

McGrath MJ. Sensor Technologies: Healthcare, Wellness, and Environmental Applications. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Miatton M, Sarrechia I. Neurological and Psychosocial Development in Adolescence. In: Schwerzmann M, Thomet C, Moons P (eds) Congenital Heart Disease and Adolescence. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016, pp. 61–82.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Vascular Medicine.

Blog post

Taub B. Being The Victim Of Sexual Cannibalism Is A Good Investment For Male Mantises. IFLScience, https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/being-victim-sexual-cannibalism-good-investment-male-mantises/ (2016, accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. What Assurance Does Office of Education’s Eligibility Process Provide? HRD-78-120, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 17 January 1979.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Klochko K. An empirical re-evaluation of the boron isotope/pH proxy in marine carbonates. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon M. A Faked Death, But No Escape From the Cage. New York Times, 29 December 2013, p. SP6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Vascular Medicine
Abbreviation	Vasc. Med.
ISSN (print)	1358-863X
ISSN (online)	1477-0377
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine