How to format your references using the Veterinary Parasitology: X citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Veterinary Parasitology: X. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bowles, S., 2008. Being human: Conflict: Altruism’s midwife. Nature 456, 326–327.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sachs, J.P., Anderson, R.F., 2005. Increased productivity in the subantarctic ocean during Heinrich events. Nature 434, 1118–1121.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bix, M., Kim, S., Rao, A., 2005. Immunology. Opposites attract in differentiating T cells. Science 308, 1563–1565.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Hsu, H.-J., Liang, M.-R., Chen, C.-T., Chung, B.-C., 2006. Pregnenolone stabilizes microtubules and promotes zebrafish embryonic cell movement. Nature 439, 480–483.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Alberty, R.A., 2011. Enzyme Kinetics: Rapid-Equilibrium Enzyme Kinetics, Methods of Biochemical Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Watts, R.A., Scott, D.G.I. (Eds.), 2010. Vasculitis in Clinical Practice. Springer, London.

A chapter in an edited book

Yadav, T., Mungray, A.A., Mungray, A.K., 2014. Fabricated Nanoparticles: Current Status and Potential Phytotoxic Threats, in: Whitacre, D.M. (Ed.), Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume: With Cumulative and Comprehensive Index Subjects Covered Volumes 221-230, Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 83–110.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Veterinary Parasitology: X.

Blog post

Taub, B., 2016. Researchers Create Milk Chocolate With Health Benefits Of Dark Chocolate [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/researchers-create-milk-chocolate-with-health-benefits-of-dark-chocolate/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2010. Information Technology: OMB’s Dashboard Has Increased Transparency and Oversight, but Improvements Needed (No. GAO-10-701). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Carrillo, J., 2010. Parenting education curriculum for single adolescent mothers in foster care (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Leland, J., 2017. Glimpses of Vanishing Harlem. New York Times MB7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bowles, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Bowles, 2008; Sachs and Anderson, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sachs and Anderson, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Hsu et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Veterinary Parasitology: X
ISSN (print)	2590-1389
Scope