How to format your references using the Water SA citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Water SA. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

BUTLER D (2002) Prion data suggest BSE link to sporadic CJD. Nature 420 (6915) 450.

A journal article with 2 authors

SELOSSE M-A and ROUSSET F (2011) Evolution. The plant-fungal marketplace. Science (New York, N.Y.) 333 (6044) 828–829.

A journal article with 3 authors

KESSLER A, HALITSCHKE R and BALDWIN IT (2004) Silencing the jasmonate cascade: induced plant defenses and insect populations. Science (New York, N.Y.) 305 (5684) 665–668.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

KANNO Y, KAWASHITA E, KOKADO A, KURETAKE H, IKEDA K, OKADA K, SEISHIMA M, UESHIMA S, MATSUO O and MATSUNO H (2014) α2AP mediated myofibroblast formation and the development of renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction. Scientific reports 4 5967.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

PADOVA T (2011) Adobe® Acrobat® X PDF Bible. Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA.

An edited book

ROCCA SRD (ed.) (2007) Typed Lambda Calculi and Applications: 8th International Conference,TLCA 2007, Paris, France,June 26-28, 2007. Proceedings. Volume 4583. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. X, 400 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

LEBURN CG and REID DT (2013) Advances in Solid-State Ultrafast Laser Oscillators. In: THOMSON R, LEBURN C and REID D (eds.) Ultrafast Nonlinear Optics. Springer International Publishing, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Water SA.

Blog post

FANG J (2014) Teenager Invents Device That Lets User Communicate With Just Exhales. IFLScience. URL: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/teenager-invents-device-lets-user-communicate-just-exhales/ (Accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE (2003) Satellite Communications: Strategic Approach Needed for DOD’s Procurement of Commercial Satellite Bandwidth. GAO-04-206. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

JENKINS MM (2009) Clinical decision-making and pediatric bipolar disorder. Doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

WALSH MW and MOUAWAD J (2012) U.S. Pension Agency Pressures American Airlines. New York Times B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Butler, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Butler, 2002; Selosse and Rousset, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Selosse and Rousset, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Kanno et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Water SA
Abbreviation	Water S. A.
ISSN (print)	0378-4738
ISSN (online)	1816-7950
Scope	Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Waste Management and Disposal Water Science and Technology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology