How to format your references using the Weather and Climate Extremes citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Weather and Climate Extremes. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bourne, J., 2000. ECOLOGY: Louisiana’s Vanishing Wetlands: Going, Going . Science 289, 1860–1863.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vasseur, D.A., Fox, J.W., 2009. Phase-locking and environmental fluctuations generate synchrony in a predator-prey community. Nature 460, 1007–1010.

A journal article with 3 authors

Martignoli, S., Gomez, F., Stoop, R., 2013. Pitch sensation involves stochastic resonance. Sci. Rep. 3, 2676.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kim, B.C., Matsuoka, T., Moraes, C., Huang, J., Thouless, M.D., Takayama, S., 2013. Guided fracture of films on soft substrates to create micro/nano-feature arrays with controlled periodicity. Sci. Rep. 3, 3027.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Meinert, C.L., 2012. Clinical Trials Handbook. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Cold, G.E., Juul, N. (Eds.), 2008. Monitoring of Cerebral and Spinal Haemodynamics During Neurosurgery. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Knaster, S., Malik, W., Dalrymple, M., 2012. Inheritance, in: Malik, W., Dalrymple, M. (Eds.), Learn Objective-C on the Mac: For iOS and OS X. Apress, Berkeley, CA, pp. 53–65.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Weather and Climate Extremes.

Blog post

Fang, J., 2015. Did Life Begin in the Holes of Hot Rocks on the Sea Floor? [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/did-life-begin-holes-hot-rocks-sea-floor/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1979. Immigration and Naturalization Service Proposed Procurement of Automated Data Processing Equipment To Streamline and Update Office Procedures (No. 109955). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McNamee, L., 2017. Best Practices in Higher Education Faculty Motivation (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, M., 2013. Differing Views on Value of High School Tests. New York Times SP6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bourne, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Bourne, 2000; Vasseur and Fox, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Vasseur and Fox, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Kim et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Weather and Climate Extremes
Abbreviation	Weather Clim. Extrem.
ISSN (print)	2212-0947
Scope	Atmospheric Science Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Geography, Planning and Development