How to format your references using the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Boswell R. Engineering. Is gas hydrate energy within reach? Science 2009; 325: 957–958.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wang G, Or D. Trophic interactions induce spatial self-organization of microbial consortia on rough surfaces. Sci Rep 2014; 4: 6757.

A journal article with 3 authors

Labeit A, Peinemann F, Kedir A. Cervical cancer screening service utilisation in UK. Sci Rep 2013; 3: 2362.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Lenggenhager B, Tadi T, Metzinger T, Blanke O. Video ergo sum: manipulating bodily self-consciousness. Science 2007; 317: 1096–1099.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Jones RB. 20% Chance of Rain. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Abdul-Rahman A. Spatial Data Modelling for 3D GIS. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer

A chapter in an edited book

Langner R, von Zadow U, Horak T, Mitschick A, Dachselt R. Content Sharing Between Spatially-Aware Mobile Phones and Large Vertical Displays Supporting Collaborative Work. In: Anslow C, Campos P, Jorge J, editors. Collaboration Meets Interactive Spaces. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016: 75–96.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics.

Blog post

Andrew E. Recording The Entire Nervous System In Real Time Will Unlock Secrets Of The Brain. IFLScience. 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Air Traffic Control: FAA Should Avoid Duplication in Procuring a Traffic Management System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Seger JL. The Occupy Movement: Signs of Cultural Shifts in Group Processes Shaped by Place. 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Mazzetti M, Goldman A, Schmidt MS. Under Trump, Shell of a Force In Syria Swiftly Lost C.I.A. Aid. New York Times. 2017; : A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference ^[1].
This sentence cites two references ^[1,2].
This sentence cites four references ^[1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics
ISSN (online)	2150-5349
Scope