How to format your references using the Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bear, G., 2000. Deep ice and DNA languages. Nature 403, 141.

A journal article with 2 authors

Satpute-Krishnan, P., Serio, T.R., 2005. Prion protein remodelling confers an immediate phenotypic switch. Nature 437, 262–265.

A journal article with 3 authors

Fitch, J.P., Raber, E., Imbro, D.R., 2003. Technology challenges in responding to biological or chemical attacks in the civilian sector. Science 302, 1350–1354.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Gu, Z., Steinmetz, L.M., Gu, X., Scharfe, C., Davis, R.W., Li, W.-H., 2003. Role of duplicate genes in genetic robustness against null mutations. Nature 421, 63–66.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ward, S., 2014. TraderMind. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Formenti, E., Tagliaferri, R., Wit, E. (Eds.), 2014. Computational Intelligence Methods for Bioinformatics and Biostatistics: 10th International Meeting, CIBB 2013, Nice, France, June 20-22, 2013, Revised Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Melany, M., 2012. Ultrasound Imaging of Thyroid Cancer, in: Braunstein, G.D. (Ed.), Thyroid Cancer, Endocrine Updates. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp. 63–91.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Tree Kangaroos: Real Life Teddy Bears [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1998. Department of Education: Information Needs Are at the Core of Management Challenges Facing the Department (No. T-HEHS-98-124). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Haffner, I., 2017. Experimental Investigation of Temperature Dependency in Transmission Characteristics of Liquid Crystals by Spectroscopy (Doctoral dissertation). University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Raghavan, A., 2013. A Lust for Zeros. New York Times MM30.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bear, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Bear, 2000; Satpute-Krishnan and Serio, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Satpute-Krishnan and Serio, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Gu et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology
Abbreviation	Zool. Anz.
ISSN (print)	0044-5231
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology