How to format your references using the Advances in Physiology Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Advances in Physiology Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

DiFonzo N. Rumour research can douse digital wildfires. Nature 493: 135, 2013.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kosten S, Lacerot G. Life in science. It takes a village. Science 324: 1265, 2009.

A journal article with 3 authors

Van Horn RC, Watts HE, Holekamp KE. Do female hyaenas choose mates based on tenure? Nature 454: E1; discussion E2, 2008.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Isomura T, Ito H, Ogawa S, Masataka N. Absence of predispositional attentional sensitivity to angry faces in children with autism spectrum disorders. Sci Rep 4: 7525, 2014.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Möller G. Geotechnik. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2012.

An edited book

Jiang X, Ma MY, Chen CW, editors. Mobile Multimedia Processing: Fundamentals, Methods, and Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Kolobov AV, Tominaga J. Structure and Physico-Chemical Properties of Single Layer and Few-Layer TMDCs. In: Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides, edited by Tominaga J. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016, p. 109–163.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Advances in Physiology Education.

Blog post

Hale T. Living Near The Sea Can Improve Your Mental Health [Online]. IFLScience IFLScience: 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/living-near-sea-can-help-improve-mental-health/ [30 Oct. 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. School Facilities: America’s Schools Not Designed or Equipped for 21st Century. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1995.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mehta V. Sparta in the Enlightenment. George Washington University: 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW. Pension System Move May Squeeze Taxpayers. New York Times: B1, 2016.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (2).
This sentence cites two references (2, 4).
This sentence cites four references (2, 4, 6, 8).

About the journal

Full journal title	Advances in Physiology Education
Abbreviation	Adv. Physiol. Educ.
ISSN (print)	1043-4046
ISSN (online)	1522-1229
Scope	Physiology General Medicine