How to format your references using the American Journal of Roentgenology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Roentgenology (AJR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Amaravadi RK. Cancer. Autophagy in tumor immunity. Science. 2011 Dec 16;334(6062):1501–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

Carter NJ, Cross RA. Mechanics of the kinesin step. Nature. 2005 May 19;435(7040):308–12.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shaw SL, Kamyar R, Ehrhardt DW. Sustained microtubule treadmilling in Arabidopsis cortical arrays. Science. 2003 Jun 13;300(5626):1715–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kim H, Lim HD, Kim SW, Hong J, Seo DH, Kim DC, et al. Scalable functionalized graphene nano-platelets as tunable cathodes for high-performance lithium rechargeable batteries. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1506.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Feldmann D. Social Movements For Good. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2015.

An edited book

Natal Jorge RM, Tavares JMRS, Pinotti Barbosa M, Slade AP, editors. Technologies for Medical Sciences. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2012. XIII, 333 p. 185 illus., 110 illus. in color. (Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics; vol. 1).

A chapter in an edited book

Sánchez-Silva M, Klutke GA. Continuous State Degradation Models. In: Klutke GA, editor. Reliability and Life-Cycle Analysis of Deteriorating Systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 117–49. (Springer Series in Reliability Engineering).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Roentgenology.

Blog post

Davis J. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Researchers Reveal Nanoscale Images Of The Brain. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/researchers-reveal-nanoscale-images-brain/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Challenge: FAA Continues to Make Important Strides, But Vulnerabilities Remain. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999 Sep. Report No.: T-AIMD-99-285.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Smith J. The work expectations of individuals with developmental disabilities [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly M. THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: The Democrats; Clinton Again Faces Draft Issue As He Returns to New Hampshire. New York Times. 1992 Sep 27;120.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Roentgenology
Abbreviation	AJR Am. J. Roentgenol.
ISSN (print)	0361-803X
ISSN (online)	1546-3141
Scope	General Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging