How to format your references using the American Journal of Veterinary Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Veterinary Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Grayson M. Chemistry masterclass. Nature 2013;502:S49.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Bjørnstad ON, Grenfell BT. Noisy clockwork: time series analysis of population fluctuations in animals. Science 2001;293:638–643.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Woodroffe R, Hedges S, Durant SM. Ecology. To fence or not to fence. Science 2014;344:46–48.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. Puertollano R, Aguilar RC, Gorshkova I, et al. Sorting of mannose 6-phosphate receptors mediated by the GGAs. Science 2001;292:1712–1716.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Lewin MD. Better Software Project Management: A Primer for Success. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2007.

An edited book

1. Baxley TP. (In)visible Presence: Feminist Counter-Narratives of Young Adult Literature by Women of Color. (Boston GH, ed.). Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Bromiley PA, Adams JE, Cootes TF. Automatic Localisation of Vertebrae in DXA Images Using Random Forest Regression Voting. In: Vrtovec T, Yao J, Glocker B, et al., eds. Computational Methods and Clinical Applications for Spine Imaging: Third International Workshop and Challenge, CSI 2015, Held in Conjunction with MICCAI 2015, Munich, Germany, October 5, 2015, Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016;38–51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Veterinary Research.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Promising New Cancer Vaccine Developed. IFLScience 2014. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/promising-new-cancer-vaccine-developed/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Congressional Oversight: Reality and Reform. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1980.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Meluzzi D. Computational Analysis of DNA Interactions to Investigate the Spatial Organization of Chromatin. 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kercher S. Modern Help for the Brokenhearted? It’s Online. New York Times. February 1, 2017:D3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Veterinary Research
Abbreviation	Am. J. Vet. Res.
ISSN (print)	0002-9645
ISSN (online)	1943-5681
Scope	General Medicine General Veterinary