How to format your references using the Applied In Vitro Toxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied In Vitro Toxicology (AIVT). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hötzel MJ. Achievers should stay to aid Brazilian science. Nature 2000;407(6806):834.

A journal article with 2 authors

Walck J, Dixon K. Time to future-proof plants in storage. Nature 2009;462(7274):721.

A journal article with 3 authors

Derry WB, Putzke AP, Rothman JH. Caenorhabditis elegans p53: role in apoptosis, meiosis, and stress resistance. Science 2001;294(5542):591–595.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Cooper ER, Andrews CD, Wheatley PS, et al. Ionic liquids and eutectic mixtures as solvent and template in synthesis of zeolite analogues. Nature 2004;430(7003):1012–1016.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Good PI. Introduction to Statistics Through Resampling Methods and R. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ; 2013.

An edited book

Ruddle K, Satria A, (eds). Managing Coastal and Inland Waters: Pre-Existing Aquatic Management Systems in Southeast Asia. Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Hoffmann P, Herczeg M. Hypervideo vs. Storytelling Integrating Narrative Intelligence into Hypervideo. In: Technologies for Interactive Digital Storytelling and Entertainment: Third International Conference, TIDSE 2006, Darmstadt, Germany, December 4-6, 2006. Proceedings. (Göbel S, Malkewitz R, Iurgel I. eds). Lecture Notes in Computer Science Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg; 2006; pp. 37–48.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied In Vitro Toxicology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Incredible Photographs Show The “Dark Side” Of The Moon From More Than A Million Miles Away. IFLScience; 2015. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/dark-side-moon-captured-nasas-epic-camera/ [Last accessed: 10/30/2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Desert Shield and Desert Storm Reports and Testimonies: 1991-93. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC; 1994.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rardin EA. Corporate Psychopaths and Their Proclivity for Infiltrating Organizations. Doctoral dissertation. Southern Illinois University: Edwardsville, IL; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Koblin J. How the Titan Who Terrified The New Yorker Ended Up Saving It. New York Times 2017;B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied In Vitro Toxicology
Abbreviation	Appl. In Vitro Toxicol.
ISSN (print)	2332-1512
ISSN (online)	2332-1539
Scope