How to format your references using the Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nogrady B (2014) Immunotherapy: Chemical tricks. Nature 513:S10-1

A journal article with 2 authors

Ghosh A, Ganesan K (2015) Policy: Rethink India’s energy strategy. Nature 521:156–157

A journal article with 3 authors

Ben-Yehuda S, Rudner DZ, Losick R (2003) RacA, a bacterial protein that anchors chromosomes to the cell poles. Science 299:532–536

A journal article with 4 or more authors

van Oijen AM, Blainey PC, Crampton DJ, Richardson CC, Ellenberger T, Xie XS (2003) Single-molecule kinetics of lambda exonuclease reveal base dependence and dynamic disorder. Science 301:1235–1238

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

McMaster MC (2005) LC/MS. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Akhgar B, Yates S (eds) (2011) Intelligence Management: Knowledge Driven Frameworks for Combating Terrorism and Organized Crime. Springer, London

A chapter in an edited book

Rassart J, Luyckx K, Moons P (2015) Adjusting to Congenital Heart Disease in Adolescence: The Role of Patients’ Personality and Self. In: Callus E, Quadri E (eds) Clinical Psychology and Congenital Heart Disease: Lifelong Psychological Aspects and Interventions. Springer, Milano, pp 53–67

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.

Blog post

Hale T (2016) NASA-Funded 3D Pizza Printer Now Works At Tourist Attractions. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/nasafunded-3d-pizza-printer-now-works-at-tourist-attractions/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1981) Better Management Needed in Automating the Federal Judiciary. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Simon-Owens NL (2010) Southern Virginia Higher Education Center: An exploration of factors affecting organizational leadership. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B (2017) Thinking Out Loud, But Why? New York Times C1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Nogrady 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Nogrady 2014; Ghosh and Ganesan 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ghosh and Ganesan 2015)
Three or more authors: (van Oijen et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Abbreviation	Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
ISSN (print)	0175-7598
ISSN (online)	1432-0614
Scope	Biotechnology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology General Medicine