How to format your references using the Watershed Ecology and the Environment citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Watershed Ecology and the Environment. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Milonni, P.W., 2000. Quantum decay. A watched pot boils quicker. Nature 405, 525, 527.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hempstead, B.L., Salzer, J.L., 2002. Neurobiology. A glial spin on neurotrophins. Science 298, 1184–1186.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hines, P.J., Wible, B., McCartney, M., 2010. Science, language, and literacy. Learning to read, reading to learn. Introduction. Science 328, 447.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Hinz, C., Namekawa, I., Namekawa, R., Behrmann-Godel, J., Oppelt, C., Jaeschke, A., Müller, A., Friedrich, R.W., Gerlach, G., 2013. Olfactory imprinting is triggered by MHC peptide ligands. Sci. Rep. 3, 2800.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Shick, P.L., 2007. Topology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Stein, M., Sandl, P. (Eds.), 2012. Information Ergonomics: A theoretical approach and practical experience in transportation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Matsuoka, S., 2007. The TSUBAME Cluster Experience a Year Later, and onto Petascale TSUBAME 2.0, in: Cappello, F., Herault, T., Dongarra, J. (Eds.), Recent Advances in Parallel Virtual Machine and Message Passing Interface: 14th European PVM/MPI User’s Group Meeting, Paris, France, September 30 - October 3, 2007. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 8–9.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Watershed Ecology and the Environment.

Blog post

Andrews, R., 2017. 3D-Printed Ovaries Could Be Future of Fertility Treatment, After Successfull Trials In Mice [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/3dprinted-ovaries-shown-to-foster-healthy-offspring-in-mice/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1992. Airline Competition: Industry Competitive and Financial Problems (No. T-RCED-92-28). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Obeng-Dompreh, S., 2008. The impact of servicemembers’ learning styles and computer anxiety levels on computer -mediated learning (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, M., 2011. Winning Teams Linked With Declining Grades. New York Times B14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Milonni, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Hempstead and Salzer, 2002; Milonni, 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hempstead and Salzer, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Hinz et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Watershed Ecology and the Environment
ISSN (print)	2589-4714
Scope