How to format your references using the Applied Petrochemical Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Petrochemical Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Krablin R (2015) A risk worth taking. Science 349:894

A journal article with 2 authors

Hogg RC, Bertrand D (2004) Neuroscience. What genes tell us about nicotine addiction. Science 306:983–985

A journal article with 3 authors

Xu L, Li X-Q, Sun Q-F (2014) Revisit the spin-FET: multiple reflection, inelastic scattering, and lateral size effects. Sci Rep 4:7527

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Grossman SR, Deato ME, Brignone C, et al (2003) Polyubiquitination of p53 by a ubiquitin ligase activity of p300. Science 300:342–344

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bennett DH (2013) Bennett’s Cardiac Arrhythmias. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Oxford

An edited book

Krause E, Shokin YI, Resch M, Shokina N (2008) Computational Science and High Performance Computing III: The 3rd Russian-German Advanced Research Workshop, Novosibirsk, Russia, July 23 - 27, 2007. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Tazari S, Müller-Hannemann M, Weihe K (2006) Workload Balancing in Multi-stage Production Processes. In: Àlvarez C, Serna M (eds) Experimental Algorithms: 5th International Workshop, WEA 2006, Cala Galdana, Menorca, Spain, May 24-27, 2006. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 49–60

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Petrochemical Research.

Blog post

Davis J (2015) One-Third Of All Natural World Heritage Sites Under Threat From Resource Extraction Activity. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/one-third-all-natural-world-heritage-sites-under-threat-extraction-industries/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1991) Social Security Downsizing: Significant Savings but Some Service Quality and Operational Problems. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Grant JA (2015) Far-field noise from a rotor in a wind tunnel. Doctoral dissertation, Florida Atlantic University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Joy S (2013) Danger: Earrings Ahead! New York Times E7

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Petrochemical Research
Abbreviation	Appl. Petrochem. Res.
ISSN (print)	2190-5525
ISSN (online)	2190-5533
Scope	Energy Engineering and Power Technology