How to format your references using the Arachne citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Arachne. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Weydt, P. (2000): Biomedical centre memorial to victims of Nazi research. Nature (403)6772: 816.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lloyd, K. & J. White (2011): Democratizing clinical research. Nature (474)7351: 277–278.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yang, X., T.K. Minton, et al. (2012): Chemistry. Rethinking chemical reactions at hyperthermal energies. Science (New York, N.Y.) (336)6089: 1650–1651.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Krol, K.M., S.K. Kamboj, et al. (2014): Breastfeeding experience differentially impacts recognition of happiness and anger in mothers. Scientific reports (4): 7006.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sóbester, A. & A.I.J. Forrester (2014): Aircraft Aerodynamic Design. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Jha, G.N. ed. (2010): 6465 Sanskrit Computational Linguistics: 4th International Symposium, New Delhi, India, December 10-12, 2010. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Bittsánszky, A., G. Gullner, et al. (2011): A Case Study: Uptake and Accumulation of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Cucurbitaceae Species. In: P. Schröder and C. D. Collins (Eds), Organic Xenobiotics and Plants: From Mode of Action to Ecophysiology. Plant Ecophysiology. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 77–85.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Arachne.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2014): Awesome Video Shows Sponges “Breathing” Out Dye. IFLScience. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/awesome-video-shows-sponges-breathing-out-dye/ (October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2010): Surface Transportation Security: TSA Has Taken Actions to Manage Risk, Improve Coordination, and Measure Performance, but Additional Actions Would Enhance Its Efforts. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stanford, V. (2016): Finding theatre from within: Augusto Boal’s Games for Non-Actors in an Introduction to Acting class. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Chen, D.W. & J. David Goodman (2013): In Naming Top Police Official, De Blasio May Signal Change. New York Times: A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	Arachne
ISSN (print)	1613-2688
Scope