How to format your references using the Archives of Toxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Archives of Toxicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dagotto E (2005) Complexity in strongly correlated electronic systems. Science 309:257–262

A journal article with 2 authors

Messing GL, Stevenson AJ (2008) Materials science. Toward pore-free ceramics. Science 322:383–384

A journal article with 3 authors

Ferguson NM, Donnelly CA, Anderson RM (2001) Transmission intensity and impact of control policies on the foot and mouth epidemic in Great Britain. Nature 413:542–548

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Ross JS, Amendt P, Atherton LJ, et al (2013) Lead (Pb) hohlraum: target for inertial fusion energy. Sci Rep 3:1453

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Blackwood N (2014) Advanced Excel Reporting for Management Accountants. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Chang AC, Brawer Silva D (eds) (2014) Salinity and Drainage in San Joaquin Valley, California: Science, Technology, and Policy. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Massari M, Motta C (2007) Women in the Sacra Corona Unita. In: Fiandaca G (ed) Women and the Mafia. Springer, New York, NY, pp 53–66

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Archives of Toxicology.

Blog post

Hale T (2017) Catch A Lunar Eclipse And A Comet In Friday’s Night Sky. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/catch-a-lunar-eclipse-and-a-comet-in-fridays-night-sky/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1981) Major Science and Technology Issues. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pence PL (2010) Emotional intelligence, motivation, and retention among undergraduate students attending associate-degree nursing programs in Illinois. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kovaleski SF (2015) Comic Says<br />His Story <br />About 9/11<br />Was a Lie. New York Times C1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Dagotto 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Dagotto 2005; Messing and Stevenson 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Messing and Stevenson 2008)
Three or more authors: (Ross et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Archives of Toxicology
Abbreviation	Arch. Toxicol.
ISSN (print)	0340-5761
ISSN (online)	1432-0738
Scope	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis General Medicine Toxicology