How to format your references using the Archives of Virology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Archives of Virology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Davis BG (2004) Biochemistry. Mimicking posttranslational modifications of proteins. Science 303:480–482

A journal article with 2 authors

Ueba H, Wolf M (2005) Chemistry. Lateral hopping requires molecular rocking. Science 310:1774–1775

A journal article with 3 authors

Dwyer MA, Looger LL, Hellinga HW (2004) Computational design of a biologically active enzyme. Science 304:1967–1971

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Fernández-Pacheco A, Serrano-Ramón L, Michalik JM, et al (2013) Three dimensional magnetic nanowires grown by focused electron-beam induced deposition. Sci Rep 3:1492

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gordon MJ Jr (2010) Total Quality Process Control for Injection Molding. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Nilius B, Amara SG, Gudermann T, et al (2012) Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Vol. 163. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Morrison EE (2009) The APC-EB1 Interaction. In: Näthke IS, McCartney BM (eds) APC Proteins. Springer, New York, NY, pp 41–50

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Archives of Virology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Reptiles That Delay Sex And Kids Live Longer. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/vegetarian-reptiles-delay-sex-and-kids-live-longer/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2015) Indian Affairs: Further Actions on GAO Recommendations Needed to Address Systemic Management Challenges with Indian Education. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Downey SS (2009) Resilient networks and and the historical ecology of Q’eqchi’ Maya swidden agriculture. Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

White MJO (2016) Don’t Slap Cuffs on the S.E.C. New York Times A27

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Archives of Virology
Abbreviation	Arch. Virol.
ISSN (print)	0304-8608
ISSN (online)	1432-8798
Scope	Virology General Medicine