How to format your references using the Asia Pacific Journal of Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Asia Pacific Journal of Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hoy, R. R. (2012). Evolution. Convergent evolution of hearing. Science (New York, N.Y.), 338(6109), 894–895.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sui, H., & Downing, K. H. (2006). Molecular architecture of axonemal microtubule doublets revealed by cryo-electron tomography. Nature, 442(7101), 475–478.

A journal article with 3 authors

Solis, R. S., Haas, J., & Creamer, W. (2001). Dating Caral, a preceramic site in the Supe Valley on the central coast of Peru. Science (New York, N.Y.), 292(5517), 723–726.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Matsusaka, S., Kobayakawa, M., Mizutani, M., Imran, M., & Yasuda, M. (2013). Bubbling behavior of a fluidized bed of fine particles caused by vibration-induced air inflow. Scientific Reports, 3, 1190.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Abid, M. M. (2006). Spacecraft Sensors. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Bai, Y. L., Zheng, Q. S., & Wei, Y. G. (Eds.). (2007). IUTAM Symposium on Mechanical Behavior and Micro-Mechanics of Nanostructured Materials: Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium held in Beijing, China, June 27–30, 2005 (Vol. 144). Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Galtung, J., & Fischer, D. (2013). Cultural Violence. In D. Fischer (Ed.), Johan Galtung: Pioneer of Peace Research (pp. 41–58). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Asia Pacific Journal of Education.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, September 8). Scientists Discover New Mechanism of Gene Regulation. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/scientists-discover-new-mechanism-gene-regulation/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1998). Airport Financing: Information on Airport Fees Paid by Airlines (RCED-99-26R). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hernandez, L. (2009). A culturally sensitive mentorship program for foster youth: A grant proposal [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, S. (2003, February 16). Beware of the Westminster Kennel’s Best in Show. New York Times, 42.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hoy, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Hoy, 2012; Sui & Downing, 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sui & Downing, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Matsusaka et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Asia Pacific Journal of Education
ISSN (print)	0218-8791
ISSN (online)	1742-6855
Scope	Education