How to format your references using the Astrophysics and Space Sciences Transactions citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Astrophysics and Space Sciences Transactions. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chi, K. R.: Microscopy: Ever-increasing resolution, Nature, 462, 675–678, 2009.

A journal article with 2 authors

Brusco, M. J. and Köhn, H.-F.: Comment on “Clustering by passing messages between data points,” Science, 319, 726; author reply 726, 2008.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kah, L. C., Lyons, T. W., and Frank, T. D.: Low marine sulphate and protracted oxygenation of the Proterozoic biosphere, Nature, 431, 834–838, 2004.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Erez, N., Gordon, G., Nest, M., and Kurizki, G.: Thermodynamic control by frequent quantum measurements, Nature, 452, 724–727, 2008.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kitajima, M.: Memory and Action Selection in Human-Machine Interaction, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2016.

An edited book

Calude, C. S., Costa, J. F., Dershowitz, N., Freire, E., and Rozenberg, G. (Eds.): Unconventional Computation: 8th International Conference, UC 2009, Ponta Delgada, Portugal, September 7-11, 2009. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, XXI, 293 p p., 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Lee, C., Suzuki, J., and Vasilakos, A. V.: iNet-EGT: An Evolutionarily Stable Adaptation Framework for Network Applications, in: Bioinspired Models of Network, Information, and Computing Systems: 4th International Conference, BIONETICS 2009, Avignon, France, December 9-11, 2009, Revised Selected Papers, edited by: Altman, E., Carrera, I., El-Azouzi, R., Hart, E., and Hayel, Y., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 36–49, 2010.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Astrophysics and Space Sciences Transactions.

Blog post

Hale, T.: Quadrantid Meteor Shower Will Light Up The Skies On Tuesday And Wednesday Night, https://www.iflscience.com/space/quadrantid-meteor-shower-will-light-up-the-skies-on-tuesday-and-wednesday-night/, last access: 30 October 2018, 2017., 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Puerto Rico: Characteristics of the Island’s Maritime Trade and Potential Effects of Modifying the Jones Act, GAO-13-260, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2013.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bryan, D.: Facilitators or impediments to college readiness, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Palmer, E. and Otis, J.: Neediest Cases Fund Opens 105th Campaign, , New York Times12th NovemberA30, 2016.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Chi, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Brusco and Köhn, 2008; Chi, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Brusco and Köhn, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Erez et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Astrophysics and Space Sciences Transactions
ISSN (print)	1810-6528
ISSN (online)	1810-6536
Scope