How to format your references using the Big Data Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Big Data Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J. Cohen, AIDS. No end in sight, Science 349 (2015) 230–231.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

D. Cyranoski, I.-H. Chou, Winds of change blow away the cobwebs on campus, Nature 429 (2004) 210–214.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

A. Clauset, C. Moore, M.E.J. Newman, Hierarchical structure and the prediction of missing links in networks, Nature 453 (2008) 98–101.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Z. Zhao, Y. Zhang, S. Chen, X. Quan, Q. Yu, Bioelectrochemical enhancement of anaerobic methanogenesis for high organic load rate wastewater treatment in a up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 6658.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

B. Burd, Java® For Dummies®, Wiley Publishing, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2011.

An edited book

[1]

A.G. Jurik, ed., Imaging of the Sternocostoclavicular Region, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

P. Beraldi, G. Consigli, F.D. Simone, G. Iaquinta, A. Violi, Hedging Market and Credit Risk in Corporate Bond Portfolios, in: M. Bertocchi, G. Consigli, M.A.H. Dempster (Eds.), Stochastic Optimization Methods in Finance and Energy: New Financial Products and Energy Market Strategies, Springer, New York, NY, 2011: pp. 73–98.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Big Data Research.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Could The Mystery Of The Meow Actually Be Solved By A New Talking Cat Collar?, IFLScience (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/physics/could-mystery-meow-actually-be-solved-new-talking-cat-collar/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Traffic Safety: NHTSA’s Improved Oversight Could Identify Opportunities to Strengthen Management and Safety in Some States, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2008.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

L.S. Eller, Social media as avenue for personal learning for educators: Personal learning networks encourage application of knowledge and skills, Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Wagner, Seven More Call-Ups, Four Homers and a Victory, New York Times (2016) B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Big Data Research
Abbreviation	Big Data Res.
ISSN (print)	2214-5796
Scope	Management Information Systems Computer Science Applications Information Systems Information Systems and Management