How to format your references using the Bioengineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Bioengineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mitchinson, A. Climate Science: City Heat. Nature 2014, 511, 163.

A journal article with 2 authors

Raymond, J.; Segrè, D. The Effect of Oxygen on Biochemical Networks and the Evolution of Complex Life. Science 2006, 311, 1764–1767.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rhode, S.C.; Pawlowski, M.; Tollrian, R. The Impact of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Vertical Distribution of Zooplankton of the Genus Daphnia. Nature 2001, 412, 69–72.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Prabhakar, S.; Noonan, J.P.; Pääbo, S.; Rubin, E.M. Accelerated Evolution of Conserved Noncoding Sequences in Humans. Science 2006, 314, 786.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tagare, D.M. Electric Power Generation; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2011; ISBN 9780470872659.

An edited book

Bipolar Depression: Molecular Neurobiology, Clinical Diagnosis and Pharmacotherapy; Zarate, C.A., Manji, H.K., Eds.; Milestones in Drug Therapy; Birkhäuser: Basel, 2009; ISBN 9783764385668.

A chapter in an edited book

Heshmati, A.; Abolhosseini, S.; Altmann, J. Regulatory Frameworks for Renewable Energy Sources. In The Development of Renewable Energy Sources and its Significance for the Environment; Abolhosseini, S., Altmann, J., Eds.; Springer: Singapore, 2015; pp. 65–83 ISBN 9789812874610.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Bioengineering.

Blog post

Andrew, E. How We Plan To Bring Dark Matter To Light Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/space/how-we-plan-bring-dark-matter-light/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Air Traffic Control: FAA’s Acquisition Management Has Improved, but Policies and Oversight Need Strengthening to Help Ensure Results; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2004;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Layne, L.L. Military Leadership: Encouraging Enlisted Personnel to Participate in Continuing Education. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix: Phoenix, AZ, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K. Is It a Fight Over Fast Food Or the People Who Eat It? New York Times 2002, 144.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Bioengineering
Abbreviation	Bioengineering (Basel)
ISSN (online)	2306-5354
Scope