How to format your references using the Biomedicines citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomedicines. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik, P. Bricks and Mortar. Switzerland Switches on Supercomputers. Nature 2004, 429, 326.

A journal article with 2 authors

Neshev, D.; Kivshar, Y. Physics. Nonlinear Optics Pushed to the Edge. Science 2014, 344, 483–484.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kent, A.; Massar, S.; Silman, J. Secure and Robust Transmission and Verification of Unknown Quantum States in Minkowski Space. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 3901.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kampe, K.K.; Frith, C.D.; Dolan, R.J.; Frith, U. Reward Value of Attractiveness and Gaze. Nature 2001, 413, 589.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hu, W. Fundamental Spacecraft Dynamics and Control; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK, 2015; ISBN 9781119113034.

An edited book

Phenology of Ecosystem Processes: Applications in Global Change Research; Noormets, A., Ed.; Springer: New York, NY, 2009; ISBN 9781441900258.

A chapter in an edited book

Sakio, H.; Kubo, M.; Shimano, K.; Ohno, K. Coexistence Mechanisms of Three Riparian Species in the Upper Basin with Respect to Their Life Histories, Ecophysiology, and Disturbance Regimes. In Ecology of Riparian Forests in Japan: Disturbance, Life History, and Regeneration; Sakio, H., Tamura, T., Eds.; Springer Japan: Tokyo, 2008; pp. 75–90 ISBN 9784431767367.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomedicines.

Blog post

Andrew, D. You Could Fit The Entire Human Race Into A Sugar Cube — And 13 Other Facts To Put The Universe Into Perspective Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/space/you-could-fit-the-entire-human-race-into-a-sugar-cube-and-13-other-facts-to-put-the-universe-into-perspective/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Special Education: More Flexible Spending Requirement Could Mitigate Unintended Consequences While Protecting Services; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2015;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bujarbarua, V. Production Optimization Using an In-Situ Steam Generator in a Rejuvenated Heavy Oil Field. Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana: Lafayette, LA, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, J. Twins Deal Sends Colon To Minors. New York Times 2017, D3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomedicines
Abbreviation	Biomedicines
ISSN (online)	2227-9059
Scope