How to format your references using the Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rogers CS (2000) Confounding factors in coral reef recovery. Science 289:391b

A journal article with 2 authors

Goswami P, Baruah J (2014) Quantitative assessment of relative roles of drivers of acute respiratory diseases. Sci Rep 4:6532

A journal article with 3 authors

Bohossian HB, Skaletsky H, Page DC (2000) Unexpectedly similar rates of nucleotide substitution found in male and female hominids. Nature 406:622–625

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Colosimo PF, Hosemann KE, Balabhadra S, et al (2005) Widespread parallel evolution in sticklebacks by repeated fixation of Ectodysplasin alleles. Science 307:1928–1933

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kyan M, Muneesawang P, Jarrah K, Guan L (2014) Unsupervised Learning. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Zumbo BD, Chan EKH (eds) (2014) Validity and Validation in Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Carr LP, Nanni AJ (2009) Delivering Results Context. In: Nanni AJ Jr (ed) Delivering Results: Managing What Matters. Springer US, New York, NY, pp 41–57

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology.

Blog post

Hale T (2017) Discovery Of Oldest Croc Eggs Date From 152 Million Years Ago. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/discovery-of-oldest-croc-eggs-date-from-152-million-years-ago/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1995) Montana’s Medical Assistance Facilities. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Viator L (2017) Thanatos. Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt) SK (2005) World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Outcry At Claims Against Jews. New York Times A6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rogers 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Rogers 2000; Goswami and Baruah 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Goswami and Baruah 2014)
Three or more authors: (Colosimo et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
Abbreviation	Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
ISSN (print)	0007-4861
ISSN (online)	1432-0800
Scope	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution General Medicine Toxicology