How to format your references using the Canada Journal of Public Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canada Journal of Public Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bowler PJ. Darwin’s Originality. Science. 2009 Jan 9;323(5911):223–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cohen JE, Gürtler RE. Modeling household transmission of American trypanosomiasis. Science. 2001 Jul 27;293(5530):694–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Melcák I, Hoelz A, Blobel G. Structure of Nup58/45 suggests flexible nuclear pore diameter by intermolecular sliding. Science. 2007 Mar 23;315(5819):1729–32.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Crittenden SL, Bernstein DS, Bachorik JL, Thompson BE, Gallegos M, Petcherski AG, et al. A conserved RNA-binding protein controls germline stem cells in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature. 2002 Jun 6;417(6889):660–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Florczyk S. Robot Vision. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2004.

An edited book

Arló-Costa H, Hendricks VF, van Benthem J, editors. Readings in Formal Epistemology: Sourcebook. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. XXIII, 937 p. 135 illus. (Springer Graduate Texts in Philosophy; vol. 1).

A chapter in an edited book

Gaur M. Genetically Modified Logistic Regression with Radial Basis Function for Robust Software Effort Prediction. In: Singh R, Vatsa M, Majumdar A, Kumar A, editors. Machine Intelligence and Signal Processing. New Delhi: Springer India; 2016. p. 55–66. (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canada Journal of Public Health.

Blog post

Carpineti A. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015. What’s Inside A Red Giant?

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Information Technology: Census Bureau Needs to Improve Its Risk Management of Decennial Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007 Dec. Report No.: GAO-08-259T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dalbey SB. Celebrity Endorsements and Voting Intentions: The Role of Liking and Preference for Consistency [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gimenez S. When a Decision Letter Is From Mom’s Alma Mater. New York Times. 2011 Apr 7;A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Canada Journal of Public Health
Abbreviation	Can. J. Public Health
ISSN (print)	0008-4263
Scope	General Medicine Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health