How to format your references using the Social Geography Discussions citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Social Geography Discussions. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik, P.: The skills hunt, Nature, 431, 109, 2004.

A journal article with 2 authors

LaDeau, S. L. and Clark, J. S.: Rising CO2 levels and the fecundity of forest trees, Science, 292, 95–98, 2001.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hewitt, S. C., Deroo, B. J., and Korach, K. S.: Signal transduction. A new mediator for an old hormone?, Science, 307, 1572–1573, 2005.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Strobel, P., Riedel, M., Ristein, J., and Ley, L.: Surface transfer doping of diamond, Nature, 430, 439–441, 2004.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lehman, R. and McMillan, L. G.: Options for Volatile Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2011.

An edited book

Langer, U., Discacciati, M., Keyes, D. E., Widlund, O. B., and Zulehner, W. (Eds.): Domain Decomposition Methods in Science and Engineering XVII, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, XIX, 661 p p., 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

Shifferaw, Y. and Raimond, K.: Hybrid Intelligent System for Lung Cancer Type Identification, in: Informatics and Communication Technologies for Societal Development: Proceedings of ICICTS 2014, edited by: Rajsingh, E. B., Bhojan, A., and Peter, J. D., Springer India, New Delhi, 41–49, 2015.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Social Geography Discussions.

Blog post

Hale, T.: National Geographic Show Its Early Picks For 2016 Nature Photographer of the Year, 2016., 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: NASA: Compliance with Cost Limits, GAO-04-648R, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Oh, Y.: Prediction of Steady State Response in Dynamic Mode Atomic Force Microscopy and Its Applications in Nano-metrology, Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 2006.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G.: Best Way to Recruit a Runner? Take Him for a Ride, , New York Times8th NovemberF9, 2010.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (LaDeau and Clark, 2001; Smaglik, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (LaDeau and Clark, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Strobel et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Social Geography Discussions
ISSN (online)	1816-1502
Scope