How to format your references using the Cancer Treatment and Research Communications citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cancer Treatment and Research Communications. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Q. Schiermeier, Saddam gives viewers double vision, Nature 419 (2002) 421.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

C.E. Renshaw, E.M. Schulson, Universal behaviour in compressive failure of brittle materials, Nature 412 (2001) 897–900.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

C. Knigge, M.J. Coe, P. Podsiadlowski, Two populations of X-ray pulsars produced by two types of supernova, Nature 479 (2011) 372–375.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

C. Bahr, L. von Paleske, V.V. Uslu, S. Remeseiro, N. Takayama, S.W. Ng, A. Murison, K. Langenfeld, M. Petretich, R. Scognamiglio, P. Zeisberger, A.S. Benk, I. Amit, P.W. Zandstra, M. Lupien, J.E. Dick, A. Trumpp, F. Spitz, A Myc enhancer cluster regulates normal and leukaemic haematopoietic stem cell hierarchies, Nature 553 (2018) 515–520.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

W. Caferro, Contesting the Renaissance, Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK, 2010.

An edited book

[1]

O.C.G. Gelo, A. Pritz, B. Rieken, eds., Psychotherapy Research: Foundations, Process, and Outcome, Springer, Vienna, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

E. Cuevas, D. Zaldívar, M. Perez-Cisneros, Template Matching by Using the States of Matter Algorithm, in: D. Zaldívar, M. Perez-Cisneros (Eds.), Applications of Evolutionary Computation in Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016: pp. 79–105.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cancer Treatment and Research Communications.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, Sea Level Rise Could Drown Eggs At Turtle Nesting Sites, IFLScience (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/sea-level-rise-could-drown-eggs-turtle-nesting-sites/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Automobile Weight and Safety, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1991.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

N.A. Vlajic, Dynamics of slender, flexible structures, Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M. Billard, Dress Like a Benefactor, New York Times (2010) E5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Cancer Treatment and Research Communications
Abbreviation	Cancer Treat. Res. Commun.
ISSN (print)	2468-2942
Scope