How to format your references using the Carbon Management citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Carbon Management. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Aldhous P. Protests force primate farm to close. Nature. 404(6775), 215 (2000).

A journal article with 2 authors

Lu Y, Conrad R. In situ stable isotope probing of methanogenic archaea in the rice rhizosphere. Science. 309(5737), 1088–1090 (2005).

A journal article with 3 authors

Shoemaker CJ, Eyler DE, Green R. Dom34:Hbs1 promotes subunit dissociation and peptidyl-tRNA drop-off to initiate no-go decay. Science. 330(6002), 369–372 (2010).

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Dueber EC, Schoeffler AJ, Lingel A, et al. Antagonists induce a conformational change in cIAP1 that promotes autoubiquitination. Science. 334(6054), 376–380 (2011).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sadr A. Interest Rate Swaps and Their Derivatives. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Fasolo A, editor. The Theory of Evolution and Its Impact. Springer, Milano.

A chapter in an edited book

Sandkuhl K. On the Role of Enterprise Modelling in Engineering Cyber-Physical Systems. In: Perspectives in Business Informatics Research: 15th International Conference, BIR 2016, Prague, Czech Republic, September 15–16, 2016, Proceedings. Řepa V, Bruckner T (Eds.), Springer International Publishing, Cham, 50–64 (2016).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Carbon Management.

Blog post

Andrew E. Numbers On The Mind: How Maths Can Help Explain The Workings Of Our Brain [Internet]. IFLScience (2015). Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/numbers-mind-how-maths-can-help-explain-workings-our-brain/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Commercial Aviation: Costs and Major Factors Influencing Infrastructure Changes at U.S. Airports to Accomodate the New A380 Aircraft. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Myers KE. The First Determination of the Proton’s Weak Charge Through Parity-Violating Asymmetry Measurements in Elastic e + p and e + Al Scattering. (2012).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt) SK. World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Bounty Paid On Dead Chechen Leader. New York Times, A6 (2005).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Carbon Management
ISSN (print)	1758-3004
ISSN (online)	1758-3012
Scope	General Environmental Science