How to format your references using the Cardiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cardiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Network TCGAR. Corrigendum: Comprehensive genomic characterization defines human glioblastoma genes and core pathways. Nature. 2013 Feb;494(7438):506.

A journal article with 2 authors

Padilla A, Gibson I. Science moves to centre stage. Nature. 2000 Jan;403(6768):357–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lekic V, French SW, Fischer KM. Lithospheric thinning beneath rifted regions of Southern California. Science. 2011 Nov;334(6057):783–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Farnham TL, Schleicher DG, Woodney LM, Birch PV, Eberhardy CA, Levy L. Imaging and photometry of comet C/1999 S4 (LINEAR) before perihelion and after breakup. Science. 2001 May;292(5520):1348–53.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wang J-J. Hydraulic Fracturing in Earth-Rock Fill DAMS. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons, Singapore Pte. Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

Wu M. Educational Measurement for Applied Researchers: Theory into Practice. Singapore: Springer; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Schmitz RA, Daniel R, Deppenmeier U, Gottschalk G. The Anaerobic Way of Life. In: Dworkin M, Falkow S, Rosenberg E, Schleifer K-H, Stackebrandt E, editors. The Prokaryotes: Volume 2: Ecophysiology and Biochemistry. New York, NY: Springer; 2006; pp 86–101.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cardiology.

Blog post

Fang J. Jumping Snails Prevail In Warm, Acidic Waters [Internet]. IFLScience. 2015 Oct [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/jumping-snails-prevail-warm-acidic-waters/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. OPM Retirement Modernization: Progress Has Been Hindered by Longstanding Information Technology Management Weaknesses. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2012.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Shroff N. Efficient sensing, summarization and classification of videos. 2012

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L. Court Rules Coach’s Violations Are Not a Form of Free Speech. New York Times. 2007 Jun;D6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Cardiology
Abbreviation	Cardiology
ISSN (print)	0008-6312
ISSN (online)	1421-9751
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Pharmacology (medical)