How to format your references using the Case Reports in Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Case Reports in Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pessoa L. Neuroscience. Seeing the world in the same way. Science. 2004 Mar;303(5664):1617–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wäsch R, Cross FR. APC-dependent proteolysis of the mitotic cyclin Clb2 is essential for mitotic exit. Nature. 2002 Aug;418(6897):556–62.

A journal article with 3 authors

Peters AJ, Chen SX, Komiyama T. Emergence of reproducible spatiotemporal activity during motor learning. Nature. 2014 Jun;510(7504):263–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Hung W-Y, Fang G-C, Lin S-W, Cheng S-H, Wong K-T, Kuo T-Y, et al. The first tandem, all-exciplex-based WOLED. Sci Rep. 2014 Jun;4:5161.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Broekaert JAC. Analytical Atomic Spectrometry with Flames and Plasmas. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2005.

An edited book

Schön W, editor. Tax and Corporate Governance. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

Aparicio G, Ruiz-Roqueñi M, Catalán E. A Model for Implementing Non-specific Competencies (NSCs) in Degree Studies, Defined Using a Delphi Study in Spanish Universities. In: Peris-Ortiz M, Merigó Lindahl JM, editors. Sustainable Learning in Higher Education: Developing Competencies for the Global Marketplace. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015; pp 47–61.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Case Reports in Oncology.

Blog post

Evans K. WWF Lays Out 5 Key Goals To Be Achieved By World Wildlife Day 2019 [Internet]. IFLScience. 2017 Mar

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. The Treasury Financial Communications System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1986.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bryant JD. The Investigation of Self-Determination in Students Participating in Higher Education with an Invisible Disability. 2014

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. Football Coaches Find Stress And Satisfaction. New York Times. 2010 Sep;D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Case Reports in Oncology
Abbreviation	Case Rep. Oncol.
ISSN (online)	1662-6575
Scope	Oncology