How to format your references using the Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Scully T. Tuberculosis. Nature (2013); 502: S1.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jetz W, Rahbek C. Geographic range size and determinants of avian species richness. Science (2002); 297: 1548–1551.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chen M, McCauley JW, Hemker KJ. Shock-induced localized amorphization in boron carbide. Science (2003); 299: 1563–1566.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Sada A, Suzuki A, Suzuki H, et al. The RNA-binding protein NANOS2 is required to maintain murine spermatogonial stem cells. Science (2009); 325: 1394–1398.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Daubert EJ. The Annual Campaign. 2009. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Hakeem KR, Jawaid M, Rashid U, editors. Biomass and Bioenergy: Processing and Properties. 2014. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Guex J, Galster F, Hammer Ø. Transgressive-Regressive Cycles and Benthic Foraminifera. In: Discrete Biochronological Time Scales (eds. Galster F., Hammer Ø.) (2016); pp. 51–55. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging.

Blog post

Davis J. 250,000-Year-Old Tool Discovery Suggests Ancient Humans Feasted On Rhinos And Ducks. IFLScience. 2016. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. National Airspace System: Assessment of FAA’s Efforts to Augment the Global Positioning System. 1995 Jun. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.Report No.: T-RCED-95-219.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lupian S. Educating the Latino community on the relationship between obesity and psychosocial well being [Doctoral dissertation]. 2012. California State University, Long Beach, [Long Beach, CA].

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hu W, Remnick N. City Requires Tower Checks; Outbreak Toll Climbs to 10. New York Times (2015);A19.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Scully 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Jetz and Rahbek 2002, Scully 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jetz and Rahbek 2002)
Three or more authors: (Sada et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging
ISSN (print)	1475-0961
ISSN (online)	1475-097X
Scope