How to format your references using the Contraception and Reproductive Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Contraception and Reproductive Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Gregory R. The blind leading the sighted. Nature. 2004;430:836.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Famiglietti JS, Rodell M. Environmental science. Water in the balance. Science. 2013;340:1300–1.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Zilberman D, Cao X, Jacobsen SE. ARGONAUTE4 control of locus-specific siRNA accumulation and DNA and histone methylation. Science. 2003;299:716–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Alexander DM, Smail I, Bauer FE, Chapman SC, Blain AW, Brandt WN, et al. Rapid growth of black holes in massive star-forming galaxies. Nature. 2005;434:738–40.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Bitton G. Wastewater Microbiology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

1. Berthod A, editor. Chiral Recognition in Separation Methods: Mechanisms and Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Heimgärtner R. ISO 9241-210 and Culture? – The Impact of Culture on the Standard Usability Engineering Process. In: Marcus A, editor. Design, User Experience, and Usability User Experience Design Practice: Third International Conference, DUXU 2014, Held as Part of HCI International 2014, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, June 22-27, 2014, Proceedings, Part IV. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. p. 39–48.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Contraception and Reproductive Medicine.

Blog post

1. Carpineti A. New Fossil Suggests More Variety Among The Oldest Extinct Penguins [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/new-fossil-suggests-more-variety-among-the-oldest-extinct-penguins/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Small Business Act: NASA’s Disadvantaged Business Advocate Not Reporting to Proper Management Level. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1987 Apr. Report No.: GGD-87-50.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Fair CL. Structure of the Roberts Mountains allochthon in the Three Bar Ranch Quadrangle, Roberts Mountains, Eureka County, Nevada [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Vecsey G. Rangers Fans Had Something to Prove. New York Times. 2011 Apr 21;B15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Contraception and Reproductive Medicine
Abbreviation	Contracept. Reprod. Med.
ISSN (online)	2055-7426
Scope