How to format your references using the Dermatology and Therapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Dermatology and Therapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Wilmot CM. Biochemistry. An ancient and intimate partnership. Science. 2007;316:379–80.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Sheldon BC, Mangel M. Behavioural ecology: Love thy neighbour. Nature. 2014;512:381–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Xu H, DeLuca SZ, O’Farrell PH. Manipulating the metazoan mitochondrial genome with targeted restriction enzymes. Science. 2008;321:575–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Scheffler M, Dressel M, Jourdan M, Adrian H. Extremely slow Drude relaxation of correlated electrons. Nature. 2005;438:1135–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Kraehmer H, Baur P. Weed Anatomy. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2013.

An edited book

1. Cappabianca P, Iaconetta G, Califano L, editors. Cranial, Craniofacial and Skull Base Surgery. Milano: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Cohen A, Porath M, Clarke A, Bai H, Leggo C, Meyer K. The Artistry of Teaching. In: Cohen A, Porath M, Clarke A, Bai H, Leggo C, Meyer K, editors. Speaking of Teaching…: Inclinations, Inspirations, and Innerworkings. Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2012. p. 37–9.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Dermatology and Therapy.

Blog post

1. Hale T. Students Have Developed An Electirc Wheelchair That Can Climb Stairs [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/students-help-create-stair-climbing-wheelchair/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Transportation Enhancements: Status of the $2.4 Billion Authorized for Nonmotorized Transportation. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996 Jul. Report No.: RCED-96-156.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Kantar L. Clinical judgment among new nursing graduates: A multiple-case study [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Landler M. Trump Treads Into Feud Between Qatar and Saudis. New York Times. 2017 Jun 6;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Dermatology and Therapy
Abbreviation	Dermatol. Ther. (Heidelb.)
ISSN (print)	2193-8210
ISSN (online)	2190-9172
Scope	Dermatology