How to format your references using the Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Ciufolini I. Dragging of inertial frames. Nature 2007;449:41–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Bossuyt F, Milinkovitch MC. Amphibians as indicators of early tertiary “out-of-India” dispersal of vertebrates. Science 2001;292:93–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Reina JH, Susa CE, Fanchini FF. Extracting information from qubit-environment correlations. Sci Rep 2014;4:7443.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Willert K, Brown JD, Danenberg E, Duncan AW, Weissman IL, Reya T, et al. Wnt proteins are lipid-modified and can act as stem cell growth factors. Nature 2003;423:448–52.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Silvia T, Anzur T. Power Performance. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Davis RL. Pro SQL Server 2008 Mirroring. Berkeley, CA: Apress; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Novo J, Sierra CV, Santos J, Penedo MG. Using Evolved Artificial Neural Networks for Providing an Emergent Segmentation with an Active Net Model. In: Tweedale JW, Jain LC, editors. Recent Advances in Knowledge-based Paradigms and Applications: Enhanced Applications Using Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Techniques, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014, p. 57–72.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J. This Is The World’s Last Male Northern White Rhino. IFLScience 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Review of the Cardozo High School Band Summer Employment Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1977.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Wickramage AS. Analysis of Magnaporthe oryzae homologs of Histoplasma capsulatum RYP genes. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

(nyt) SK. World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Church Freezes Ties With Episcopalians. New York Times 2003:A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging
Abbreviation	Diagn. Interv. Imaging
ISSN (print)	2211-5684
Scope	General Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Radiological and Ultrasound Technology