How to format your references using the Diatom Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diatom Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lovelock J. 2003. Gaia: the living Earth. Nature 426: 769–770.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bollinger J. M. Jr & Matthews M. L. 2010. Biochemistry. Remote enzyme microsurgery. Science (New York, N.Y.) 327: 1337–1338.

A journal article with 3 authors

Suma K., Sumiyoshi Y. & Endo Y. 2005. The rotational spectrum and structure of the HOOO radical. Science (New York, N.Y.) 308: 1885–1886.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Palopoli M. F., Rockman M. V., TinMaung A., Ramsay C., Curwen S., Aduna A., Laurita J. & Kruglyak L. 2008. Molecular basis of the copulatory plug polymorphism in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature 454: 1019–1022.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Szylar C. 2013. Risk Management under UCITS III/IV. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ USA.

An edited book

Cuzick J. & Thorat M. A. (eds) 2014. Prostate Cancer Prevention. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Rehm G. & Uszkoreit H. 2012. Despre Meta-Net. In: The Romanian Language in the Digital Age (Ed. by G. Rehm & H. Uszkoreit), pp. 40–40. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diatom Research.

Blog post

Andrews R. 2016, July 7. Millions Of Penguins Are About To Be Smothered By A Volcanic Eruption. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 1994. [Comments on DOD Data Center Consolidation Plan]. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McCarroll M. L. 2005. Exercise and Airway Clearing Devices in Pulmonary Rehabilitation Programs for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon M. 2014, April 26. In Suit, Ex-Employee Says Drug-Test Firm Mishandled Result. New York Times: D6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lovelock 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Lovelock 2003, Bollinger & Matthews 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bollinger & Matthews 2010)
Three or more authors: (Palopoli et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Diatom Research
Abbreviation	Diatom Res.
ISSN (print)	0269-249X
ISSN (online)	2159-8347
Scope	Aquatic Science