How to format your references using the Digital Scholarship in the Humanities citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Digital Scholarship in the Humanities. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wang, C.-C. (2015). Perspective: Give Youth a Chance. Nature, 520(7549), p. S36.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jewitt, D. C. and Luu, J. (2004). Crystalline Water Ice on the Kuiper Belt Object (50000) Quaoar. Nature, 432(7018), pp. 731–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

Houstis, N., Rosen, E. D. and Lander, E. S. (2006). Reactive Oxygen Species Have a Causal Role in Multiple Forms of Insulin Resistance. Nature, 440(7086), pp. 944–8.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kim, J.-M. et al. (2014). DJ-1 Contributes to Adipogenesis and Obesity-Induced Inflammation. Scientific Reports, 4, p. 4805.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Crook, T. and Kemp, P. A. (2010). Transforming Private Landlords. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Chopin, T. and Foucher, M. (eds) (2011). Schuman Report on Europe: State of the Union 2011. Paris: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Birol, E., Koundouri, P. and Remoundou, K. (2011). The Implementation of the European Union Water Framework Directive in Cyprus. In Koundouri, P. (ed.), Water Resources Allocation: Policy and Socioeconomic Issues in Cyprus. Global Issues in Water Policy. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 33–43.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Digital Scholarship in the Humanities.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015). The Oceans Are Becoming Too Hot For Coral, And Sooner Than We Expected. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/oceans-are-becoming-too-hot-coral-and-sooner-we-expected/ (accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1993). (RCED-93-74FS) USDA Research and Extension Agencies: Missions, Structures, and Budgets. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Solano Cahuana, I. L. (2015). The Production of Apologies by Colombian Learners of English A Study of Pragmatic Acquisition in an EFL Context. [Doctoral Dissertation Thesis]. Edwardsville, IL: Southern Illinois University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Mueller, B. and Schweber, N. (2015). Driver Arrested After Bus Fatally Strikes Pedestrian. New York Times, 4 November, p. A24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wang, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Jewitt and Luu, 2004; Wang, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jewitt and Luu, 2004)
Three or more authors: (Kim et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Digital Scholarship in the Humanities
ISSN (print)	2055-7671
ISSN (online)	2055-768X
Scope