How to format your references using the Diversity and Distributions citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diversity and Distributions. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Popov, V. L. (2014). Analytic solution for the limiting shape of profiles due to fretting wear. Scientific Reports, 4, 3749.

A journal article with 2 authors

Maheswaran, S., & Haber, D. A. (2015). Cell fate: Transition loses its invasive edge. Nature, 527(7579), 452–453.

A journal article with 3 authors

He, Y., Michaels, S. D., & Amasino, R. M. (2003). Regulation of flowering time by histone acetylation in Arabidopsis. Science (New York, N.Y.), 302(5651), 1751–1754.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Wilmut, I., Beaujean, N., de Sousa, P. A., Dinnyes, A., King, T. J., Paterson, L. A., Wells, D. N., & Young, L. E. (2002). Somatic cell nuclear transfer. Nature, 419(6907), 583–586.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bécherrawy, T. (2012). Electromagnetism. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Kerren, A., Purchase, H. C., & Ward, M. O. (Eds.). (2014). Multivariate Network Visualization: Dagstuhl Seminar #13201, Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, May 12-17, 2013, Revised Discussions (Vol. 8380). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Bildirici, I. O., Ustun, A., Ulugtekin, N., Selvi, H. Z., Abbak, R. A., Bugdayci, I., & Dogru, A. O. (2009). Compilation of Digital Elevation Model for Turkey in 3-Arc-Second Resolution by Using SRTM Data Supported with Local Elevation Data. In G. Gartner & F. Ortag (Eds.), Cartography in Central and Eastern Europe: CEE 2009 (pp. 63–76). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diversity and Distributions.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, May 29). Scientists Use Lasers To Regrow Teeth From Stem Cells. IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1987). Aviation Safety: Procedures for Registering and Certifying Air Carriers (RCED-87-115FS). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sripinit, T. (2012). How Much Do We Understand About Asymmetric Effects of Monetary Policy? [Doctoral dissertation]. University of North Carolina.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Paulson, M. (2017, June 25). Sale of Albee Collection To Benefit Foundation. New York Times, C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Popov, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Maheswaran & Haber, 2015; Popov, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Maheswaran & Haber, 2015)
Three or more authors: (Wilmut et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Diversity and Distributions
Abbreviation	Divers. Distrib.
ISSN (print)	1366-9516
ISSN (online)	1472-4642
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics