How to format your references using the Early Childhood Education Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Early Childhood Education Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Abbott, A. (2000). CERN claims first experimental creation of quark-gluon plasma. European Laboratory for Particle Physics. Nature, 403(6770), 581.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kalnay, E., & Cai, M. (2003). Impact of urbanization and land-use change on climate. Nature, 423(6939), 528–531.

A journal article with 3 authors

Oerlemans, J., Dahl-Jensen, D., & Masson-Delmotte, V. (2006). Ice sheets and sea level. Science (New York, N.Y.), 313(5790), 1043–5; author reply 1043-5.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Hirata, S., Matsuda, G., Ueno, A., Fukushima, H., Fuwa, K., Sugama, K., et al. (2013). Brain response to affective pictures in the chimpanzee. Scientific reports, 3, 1342.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Levy, G., & Levin, B. (2014). The Biostatistics of Aging. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Tichý, J. (2010). Fundamentals of Piezoelectric Sensorics: Mechanical, Dielectric, and Thermodynamical Properties of Piezoelectric Materials. (J. Erhart, E. Kittinger, & J. Přívratská, Eds.). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Lutfalla, E., & Munkert, M. J. (2010). France. In M. J. Munkert, S. Stubner, & T. Wulf (Eds.), Founding a Company: Handbook of Legal Forms in Europe (pp. 49–69). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Early Childhood Education Journal.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, January 23). Marine Animals Found Thriving In One Of World’s Most Extreme Environments. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/marine-animals-found-thriving-one-world-s-most-extreme-environments/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1995). Multiple Teacher Training Programs: Information on Budgets, Services, and Target Groups (No. HEHS-95-71FS). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ibarra, A. L. (2017). Novice Clinicians and the Experience of Transcendence in Clinical Training and Supervision (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G. (2009, December 20). Even the Reliable Must Face the Inevitable. New York Times, p. SP2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Abbott 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Abbott 2000; Kalnay and Cai 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kalnay and Cai 2003)
Three or more authors: (Hirata et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Early Childhood Education Journal
Abbreviation	Early Child. Educ. J.
ISSN (print)	1082-3301
ISSN (online)	1573-1707
Scope	Developmental and Educational Psychology Education