How to format your references using the Earth-Observations-X citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Earth-Observations-X. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Golbeck, J., 2008. Computer science. Weaving a Web of trust. Science 321, 1640–1641.

A journal article with 2 authors

Weissleder, R., Pittet, M.J., 2008. Imaging in the era of molecular oncology. Nature 452, 580–589.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang, C., Yang, Y.-P., Duan, Y.-W., 2014. Pollen sensitivity to ultraviolet-B (UV-B) suggests floral structure evolution in alpine plants. Sci. Rep. 4, 4520.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Mezzacapo, A., Las Heras, U., Pedernales, J.S., DiCarlo, L., Solano, E., Lamata, L., 2014. Digital quantum Rabi and Dicke models in superconducting circuits. Sci. Rep. 4, 7482.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Horton, I., 2012. Ivor Horton’s Beginning Visual C++® 2012. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Giersig, M., Khomutov, G.B. (Eds.), 2008. Nanomaterials for Application in Medicine and Biology, NATO Science for Peace and Security Series, Series B: Physics and Biophysics. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Sato, S., 2008. Development of Coastal Urban Regions with Sustainable Topographical Environments, in: Hanaki, K. (Ed.), Urban Environmental Management and Technology, cSUR-UT Series: Library for Sustainable Urban Regeneration. Springer Japan, Tokyo, pp. 67–87.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Earth-Observations-X.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Leatherback Sea Turtles Use Mysterious ‘Compass Sense’ To Migrate Hundreds Of Miles [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/leatherback-sea-turtles-use-mysterious-compass-sense-migrate-hundreds-miles/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2008. Surface Transportation: Principles Can Guide Efforts to Restructure and Fund Federal Programs (No. GAO-08-744T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chlarson-Varner, G., 2010. Falls among older adults 65 years and older (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Otis, J., 2016. Raising 5 Sons Alone, 3 With Autism, Takes a Toll. New York Times A27.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Golbeck, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Golbeck, 2008; Weissleder and Pittet, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Weissleder and Pittet, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Mezzacapo et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Earth-Observations-X
ISSN (print)	2468-1199
Scope