How to format your references using the Earth-Science Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Earth-Science Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bettencourt, L.M.A., 2013. The origins of scaling in cities. Science 340, 1438–1441.

A journal article with 2 authors

Barrangou, R., Klaenhammer, T.R., 2014. Microbiology: Bacteria get vaccinated. Nature 513, 175–176.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nørskov, J.K., Bligaard, T., Kleis, J., 2009. Chemistry. Rate control and reaction engineering. Science 324, 1655–1656.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kampe, K.K., Frith, C.D., Dolan, R.J., Frith, U., 2001. Reward value of attractiveness and gaze. Nature 413, 589.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gottlieb, I., 2009. Next Generation Excel. John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte. Ltd., 2 Clementi Loop, #02-01, Singapore 129809.

An edited book

Hurst, C.J. (Ed.), 2016. The Rasputin Effect: When Commensals and Symbionts Become Parasitic, Advances in Environmental Microbiology. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Chiang, H.-D., Wang, T., 2014. Neighboring Local Optimal Solutions and Its Applications, in: Pardalos, P.M., Rassias, T.M. (Eds.), Mathematics Without Boundaries: Surveys in Interdisciplinary Research. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 117–138.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Earth-Science Reviews.

Blog post

Evans, K., 2016. Chinese Environmental Officials Arrested For Faking Air Pollution Results [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/environment/chinese-environmental-officials-arrested-for-faking-air-pollution-results/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2007. Freight Railroads: Updated Information on Rates and Competition Issues (No. GAO-07-1245T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Allard, L., 2006. Exposure to Low-Level Ionizing Radiation and Risk of Leukemia and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma in Participants of the Fernald Medical Monitoring Program (Doctoral dissertation). University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cooper, M., 2017. German Home For Alan Gilbert. New York Times C4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bettencourt, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Barrangou and Klaenhammer, 2014; Bettencourt, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Barrangou and Klaenhammer, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Kampe et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Earth-Science Reviews
Abbreviation	Earth Sci. Rev.
ISSN (print)	0012-8252
Scope	General Earth and Planetary Sciences