How to format your references using the Education and Information Technologies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Education and Information Technologies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kerr, R. A. (2000). The Sun Again Intrudes on Earth’s Decadal Climate Change. Science (New York, N.Y.), 288(5473), 1986.

A journal article with 2 authors

Barve, A., & Wagner, A. (2013). A latent capacity for evolutionary innovation through exaptation in metabolic systems. Nature, 500(7461), 203–206.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mason, A. C., Oshinsky, M. L., & Hoy, R. R. (2001). Hyperacute directional hearing in a microscale auditory system. Nature, 410(6829), 686–690.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Crawford, J. M., Thomas, P. M., Scheerer, J. R., Vagstad, A. L., Kelleher, N. L., & Townsend, C. A. (2008). Deconstruction of iterative multidomain polyketide synthase function. Science (New York, N.Y.), 320(5873), 243–246.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Park, S., & Guille-Escuret, G. (2017). Sociobiology vs Socioecology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Satchell, S. (Ed.). (2016). Asset Management: Portfolio Construction, Performance and Returns. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Fichter, K., & Beucker, S. (2012). Hands-On Methods for Developing Innovation Communities. In K. Fichter & S. Beucker (Eds.), Innovation Communities: Teamworking of Key Persons - A Success Factor in Radical Innovation (pp. 269–326). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Education and Information Technologies.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2014, October 14). Huge Squid Caught Attacking Submarine On Video. IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1995). Combined Fund Update (No. HEHS-95-166R). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Frey, E. F. (2008). Technology diffusion and environmental regulation: Evidence from electric power plants under the Clean Air Act (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow, L. (2006, July 22). Guardian Angels Welcome in Greenport. New York Times, p. LI9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kerr 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Barve and Wagner 2013; Kerr 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Barve and Wagner 2013)
Three or more authors: (Crawford et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Education and Information Technologies
Abbreviation	Educ. Inf. Technol.
ISSN (print)	1360-2357
ISSN (online)	1573-7608
Scope	Education Library and Information Sciences