How to format your references using the Education Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Education Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik, P. Building Cooperation New York. Nature 2002, 419, 4–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Morrison, S.J.; Scadden, D.T. The Bone Marrow Niche for Haematopoietic Stem Cells. Nature 2014, 505, 327–334.

A journal article with 3 authors

Laskar, J.; Levrard, B.; Mustard, J.F. Orbital Forcing of the Martian Polar Layered Deposits. Nature 2002, 419, 375–377.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Busemeyer, L.; Ruckelshausen, A.; Möller, K.; Melchinger, A.E.; Alheit, K.V.; Maurer, H.P.; Hahn, V.; Weissmann, E.A.; Reif, J.C.; Würschum, T. Precision Phenotyping of Biomass Accumulation in Triticale Reveals Temporal Genetic Patterns of Regulation. Sci. Rep. 2013, 3, 2442.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Robyns, B.; François, B.; Delille, G.; Saudemont, C. Energy Storage in Electric Power Grids; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2015; ISBN 9781119058724.

An edited book

Molecular Mechanisms and Physiology of Disease: Implications for Epigenetics and Health; Maulik, N., Karagiannis, T., Eds.; Springer: New York, NY, 2014; ISBN 9781493907052.

A chapter in an edited book

Anderson, I.M. Principles of Therapy. In Handbook of Depression; Anderson, I.M., Ed.; Springer Healthcare Ltd.: Tarporley, 2009; pp. 27–43 ISBN 9781908517241.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Education Sciences.

Blog post

Davis, J. Scientists Uncover The Earliest Known Animal To Have Walked Upright On All Fours (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Selected FCC Regulatory Policies: Their Purpose and Consequences for Commercial Radio and TV; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1979;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Birtler, E.R. Group Therapy and Knowledge of Neuroplastic Principles: The Impact of Health Literacy on Client Locus of Control in a Therapy Setting. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, M. Chronicling The Business Of the Games. New York Times 2012, SP3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Education Sciences
Abbreviation	Educ. Sci. (Basel)
ISSN (online)	2227-7102
Scope